Methodology Match
POSITION

Social Constructionism

Constructivism

The Social Constructionism: Constructivism card
Reality

Categories such as ‘art’, ‘talent’ and ‘gender’ are made and kept up by people. They could be otherwise.

Knowledge

Built, not found. It carries the language and culture it was made in.

Asks

How did this come to seem natural?

Key thinkers: Peter Berger, Thomas Luckmann, Kenneth Gergen

The longer story

Social constructionism asks where our categories came from. "Art", "craft", "genius", "the audience", "good taste": each feels natural, yet each has a history, was made by particular people and institutions, and is kept in place by habit and language. If it was made, it could have been made differently.

That does not mean such things are unreal. Money is constructed and you still cannot pay the rent without it. The research task is to show how a category was put together, who maintains it and what it does. Constructivism is the neighbouring term, often used for how individuals build understanding; in practice the two words are frequently swapped.

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